Baker&#39;s oven.



A. T. SIMPKINS.

BAKER'S OVEN.

(Application filed July 20, 1899.) (No Model.)

Patented Jan. 8, l90l.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Yrg. 5.

Witnesses.

nonms PETERS ca. morau'mou wumm'rou n c I nventor.

UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

ALVIN T. SIMPKINS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

BAKERS OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 665,697, dated January 8, 1901.

Application filed my 20, 1899. Serial No. 724,467. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALVIN T. SIMPK'INS, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bakers Ovens, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to bakers ovens, and has for its objects the more uniform and economical heating of the baking-chamber, the provision of means for burning the gases unburned in the main fire-chamber, the heating of the entire fioor of the baking-chamber mainly by means of the heated products of combustion instead of by means directly of the fire in the main fire-chamber or through the medium of a confined air-space, which in volves great waste of heat, and the prevention of warping of the fioor of the bakingchamber.

To these ends myinvention consists in combining with the fire-box side fines at the side of the combustion-chamber and a combined supplemental or auxiliary combustion-chamber and heating-fine arranged above the firebox between the side fines and below the baking-chamber. ing independent fines between the same and the top fines above the baking-chamber and in various details of construction to be hereafter described.

Figure 1 is a section on the line 1 1, Fig. 5, showing the main fire chamber, auxiliary combustion-chamber, side fiues,baking-chamber, top fines, and connecting-fines from the auxiliary combustion-chamber and side fines to the top fines. line 2 2, Fig. 1, showing the main combustionchamber and side fines. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3, Fig. 1, showing theauxiliary combustion-chamber and side fines. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4. 4, Fig. 1, showing the top fines above the bake-oven. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6 6, Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a It also consists in provid- Fig. 2 is a section on the through the openings 0, two toward the rear and one toward the front, on each side. Above the fire-chamber is the combined auxiliary combustion-chamber and supplemental fine D, communicating with the fire-chamber through the openings E in the arched roof F of the fire-chamber. These openings are preferably small, but relatively numerous, and are arranged toward the rearof the fire-chamber A and flue D and are preferably about equal in combined area to the area of one of the openings 0. The fire-chamberA and each flue B are separated from each other by the base of the arch F and one of the partitions G, the opening C extending through both. The fine D is separated from the side fiues B by the upper part of partitions G.

H is the baking-chamber, separated from the side fines B and fine D by the brick fioor I, which is arched on its lower surface immediately over the fiue D. The baking-chamber is thus heated indirectly by the fire-chamber, but directly by the heated products of combustion in the side fines B and the aux iliary combustion-chamber or central flue D.

The fiue D acts as an auxiliary combustionchamber to burn the heated gases which are unconsumed in the fire-chamber and which escape therefrom into the fine D through the openings E; The direct heat, however, produced by the burning gases in flue D is less intense than that in the fire-chamber A and is substantially equal to the heat in the side fines B, which also to some extent act as gasburning chambers. Thus I gain the advantage of a uniform and at the same time a direct heating of the baking-oven, avoiding the employment, on the one hand, of an auxiliary air-space .for indirectly heating the bakingchamber and, on the other hand, avoiding the heating of the oven directly from the firechamber, which acts to heat the baking-chamber to too high a degree at the center, both absolutely and relatively to the degree of heat received from the side fiues.

Arranged above the roof T of the bakingchamber and beneath the roof R of the oven are the usual top fines K K L L. The upright fines M connect the front of side fines B with the front of fine K on each side. Flues N extend from each side of flue D centrally through the floor I, up through the side walls of the oven, and laterallyinto fines K. These fines, as shown, communicate with each end and with the central part of fine D. An y of these fines may be dispensed with; but at least one fine should be retained. Preferably the flue N at the front of the flue D is retained, so as to insure a circulation of the heat and products of combustion throughout the length of flue D.

The chimney O at the front of the oven communicates with the fines L.

P is a vent from the baking chamber through the roof of the oven.

Part of the heated products of combustion pass from the fire-chamber through the openings 0 into the side fines D, through the upright fines M, the fines K, the fines L, and out the stack 0. The rest of the heated prodnets of combustion pass through openings E into the fine D, through fines N, fines K and L, and out the stack 0. The gases unburned in the main fire-chamber will pass into and be consumed Within the flue D, which thus also acts as an auxiliary combustion-chamber.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a bakers oven, the combination with the main fire-chamber, of a central fine or chamber above the same, fines or chambers on either side of the main fire-chamber communicating with the fire-chamber, independent communication between the fire-chamber and the central fine or chamber, a bakingoven directly over the side and central fines or chambers, exhaust-fines from the side fines or chambers and exhaust-fines from the central fine or chamber extending laterally between the oven and side fine and upwardly alongside of the oven.

2. In a bakers oven, the combination with the main fire-chamber extending substantially from front to rear of the oven, of a central fine or chamber directly above and extending in the same direction as, the firechamber, and communicating therewith toward the rear of the fire-chamber, a fine or chamber on each side of the said chamber and communicating with the combustion-chamber, and the bakingchamber, the fioor of which is directly above the central and side fines or chambers, substantially as described.

3. In a bakers oven, the combination with the main fire-chamber A, the side fines B, B, communicating therewith and substantially corresponding in length therewith and extending above the top of the fire-chamber, the central fine D directly above the fire-chamber and communicating therewith and substantially corresponding in length therewith, and between the side fines, the baking-chamber I-l above the side and central fines, and exhaust-fines from the fines, B, B, and D, substantially as described.

at. In a bakers oven, the combination, with the main fire-cham ber A, the side fines B, B, communicating therewith, and extending solace? above the top of the fire-chamber, the central flue D above the fire-chamber and communicating therewith, and between the side fines, the baking-chamber H above the side and central fines, and having the double roof T,R,fiues within the same,fines connecting the fines B with the fines in the double roof of the baking-chamber, and fines communicating with the fine D extending laterally through the fioor of the baking-chamber, up through the side wall of the oven, and communicating with the fines in the double roof.

5. In a bakers oven, the combination with the fire-chamber A having the arched top h, the partitions G on each side of the arch F, the side fines B, B, separated from the firechamber by partitions Gr, openings extending through the base of the arch and said partitions to allow the heated products of combustion to pass into said side fines, the combined auxiliary combustion-chamber and supplemental fine D separated from the main combnstion-chamber by the roof of the arch F and from the side fines by partitions G, the baking-chamber H above fines B and D, openings in the roof of arch F toward the rear of the same between the main fire-chamber and the fine or chamber D, and exhaust-fines from the fines D and B, substantially as described.

6. In a bakers oven, the combination with the fire-chamber A having the arched top F, the partitions G on each side of the arch F, the side fines B, B, separated from the fire-chamber by partitions G, openings extending through the base of the arch and said partitions to allow the heated products of combustion to pass into said side fines, the combined auxiliary combustion-chamber and supplemental fine D separated from the main combustion-chamber by the roof of the arch F and from the side fines by partitions G, openings in the roof of arch F toward the rear of the same between the main fire-chamber and the fine or chamber D, the baking-chamber over the fines B and'D, the fines K and L, above the baking-chamber, the fines connecting the side fines with the fines K and L, and the fines extending through the fioor of the baking-chamber and the wall of the oven connecting the fine D with the fines K and L, substantially as described.

7. Ina bakers oven, the combination, with the main fire-chamber A, the side fines B, B, communicating therewith, and extending above the top of the fire-chamber, the central fine D above the fire-chamber and communicating therewith, and between the side fines, the baking-chamberH above the side and central fines, and having the double roof T, R, fines within the same, fines connecting the fines B with the fines in the double roof of the baking-chamber, and fines N extending respectively from the rear, the front, and the central part of fine D for insuring circulation of the heated products of combustion throughout the entire length of fine D, and extending laterally through the floor of the bakingmunicating with the fiues in the double roof.

8. In a bakers oven, the combination with the main fire-chamber, of a fiue or chamber above the same and communicating therewith and substantially corresponding in length therewith, and the dues or chambers on either side of the main fire-chamber and communicating therewith and substantially corresponding in length therewith, a baking-chamber directly above the central and side fines or chambers, exhaust-fines from the front of the side lines or chambers, and an exhaustfiue from the front of the central flue or chamber to insure circulation of the heated products of combustion throughout the entire length of said flue.

9. In a bakers oven, the combination with the main fire-chamber extending substantially from front to rear of the oven, of acentral flue o'r chamber above the same and com= municating therewith and substantially cor= responding in length and width thereto, a flue or chamber on each side of the fire-chamber and central chamber and communicating with, and of substantially the same length as, the fire-chamber, the top of the side flues being higher than the top of the fire-chamber, and a baking-chamber, which is of substantially greater width than the central chamber and is located above the central chamber and the side chambers so that the floor of the same is heated by all three chambers.

' In testimony of which invention I have hereunto set my hand at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on this 19th day of July, 1899.

ALVIN T. SIMPKINS.

Witnesses:

FRANK S. BUSSER, RICHARD EYRE. 

